Zimbabwe and Zambia have launched feasibility studies to explore the installation of floating solar systems on Lake Kariba, aimed at addressing declining electricity generation at the Kariba Dam.
Supported by the African Development Bank (AfDB), this initiative is a response to the impact of climate change and recurring droughts that have severely reduced the dam’s hydroelectric capacity. The feasibility study, conducted through the Zambezi River Authority, is expected to be completed by the first quarter of 2025.
During a recent address to the National Assembly, Zimbabwe’s Energy and Power Development Minister, Edgar Moyo, highlighted the benefits of floating solar technology, which offers a sustainable solution by expanding solar energy production without additional land use. The cooling effect of the water beneath the floating panels enhances their efficiency, making them a promising alternative in the region’s hot climate. Further initiatives involving floating solar systems are set to begin early next year.
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Currently, Zimbabwe is grappling with significant challenges in power generation, particularly at key installations such as Kariba Dam and Hwange Thermal Power Station. Despite Kariba Dam’s installed capacity of 1,050 MW, output has dropped to around 184 MW due to the ongoing drought. The floating solar project could provide a much-needed boost to the country’s energy supply and help mitigate these challenges.
This initiative marks a step towards renewable energy solutions for both Zimbabwe and Zambia, offering the potential for more stable energy production in a region heavily impacted by environmental challenges. If successful, the floating solar systems could provide a model for similar projects across Africa.
